What is a resolution process involving a mediator to facilitate communication and understanding called?

The resolution process involving a mediator to facilitate communication and understanding is known as mediation. In mediation, a neutral third-party mediator assists the disputing parties in discussing their issues and exploring potential solutions in a collaborative environment. The mediator's role is to help facilitate dialogue, encourage understanding, and assist the parties in negotiating a mutually agreeable resolution, without making decisions for them.

This process differs significantly from arbitration, where an arbitrator makes binding decisions, and from negotiation, which can occur between the parties directly without a mediator. Litigation involves taking a dispute to court for resolution, which is often adversarial and not focused on collaboration. Mediation emphasizes cooperation and is often used to preserve relationships and find amicable solutions.