What are personal values derived from a system of beliefs commonly referred to as?

The correct answer, morals, refers to the personal values that are shaped by an individual's beliefs and the societal or cultural context in which they live. Morals guide behavior and decision-making, serving as benchmarks for what individuals consider right or wrong.

In distinguishing morals from other related concepts, ethics typically relates to a broader framework of principles that govern the behavior of a group, often in professional or institutional settings. While principles are foundational truths that guide actions and can be informed by morals, they are not derived directly from personal beliefs alone. Values may refer to a broader array of beliefs and preferences that an individual holds, rather than specifically the system of beliefs that directly informs moral judgments. Thus, morals succinctly embody the specific values that arise from personal beliefs.